I-ScienceDaily (ngoMeyi 8, 2012) - Isazi sezifo zezityalo kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eRiverside ichonge ifungus edityaniswe ne-dieback yesebe kunye nokuncipha ngokubanzi kweavocado engasemva kwendlu kunye nemithi yendalo kwindawo yokuhlala yaseLos Angeles County.
Ukungunda luhlobo olutsha lweFusarium. Izazinzulu zisebenza ekuphawuleni ukuchongwa kwayo okuthe ngqo. Isasazwa yiTea Shot Hole Borer (Euwallacea fornicatus), ibhungane le-ambrosia elingaqhelekanga elincinane kunembewu yesesame. Isifo esisasazekayo sibizwa ngokuba yi "Fusarium dieback".
"Le bhungane ifunyenwe kwaSirayeli kwaye ukususela ngo-2009, indibaniselwano yebhungane-yengunda ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwimithi yeeavokhado apho," utshilo u-Akif Eskalen, ugqirha wezityalo ze-UC Riverside, oye walebhu yakhe yafumanisa i-fungus.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iTea Shot Hole Borer iye yaxelwa kwiintlobo zezityalo ezili-18 ezahlukeneyo kwihlabathi jikelele, kuquka iavokhado, iti, isitrasi, igwava, ilychee, imango, ipersimmon, irharnati, i-macadamia kunye ne-oki yesilika.
U-Eskalen wachaza ukuba ibhungane kunye nefungus zinobudlelwane be-symbiotic.
Wathi: “Xa uqongqothwane egqobhoza emthini, ufaka umngundo kulo mthi, ufaka umngundo emlonyeni wakhe. “Umngundo emva koko uhlasela imithambo yemithambo yomthi, iphazamise amanzi kunye nokuhamba kwezondlo, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibangele ukufa kwesebe. Imibungu kaqongqothwane ihlala kwimiqolomba ephakathi komthi yaye itya umngundo.”
Nangona ibhungane lafunyanwa okokuqala eLos Angeles County ngo-2003, iingxelo zempembelelo yayo embi kwimpilo yemithi ayizange ihoywe kwada kwangoFebruwari 2012, xa u-Eskalen wafumana zombini ibhungane kunye nefungus kumthi we-avocado ongasemva ebonisa iimpawu ze-dieback eSouth Gate, eLos. Angeles County. Umkomishinala wezoLimo waseLos Angeles County kunye neCalifornia Food and Drug Administration ziqinisekisile ukuba ngubani lo bhungane.
"Le yifungus efanayo eyabangela ukufa kweavokhado kwaSirayeli," utshilo uEskalen. “IKomishoni yeAvocado yaseCalifornia ixhalabile ngomonakalo wezoqoqosho onokwenziwa ngulo mngundo kwishishini lalapha eCalifornia.
“Okwangoku, sicela abalimi ukuba babeke iliso kwimithi yabo kwaye basixelele naluphi na uphawu lwefungus okanye ibhungane,” wongeze watsho. "Iimpawu kwi-avocado ziquka ukubonakala kwe-powdery exudate emhlophe ngokubambisana nomngxuma omnye wokuphuma kwebhungane kwixolo lesiqu kunye namasebe amakhulu omthi. Le exudate inokoma okanye ibonakale njengombala omanzi. ”
Iqela leenzululwazi ze-UCR zenziwe ukuba zifunde i-Fusarium dieback e-Southern California. U-Eskalen no-Alex Gonzalez, ingcali kwintsimi, sele beqhuba uphando ukuze babone ubungakanani bohlaselo lwebhungane kunye nobungakanani obunokwenzeka bosulelo lwefungus kwimithi yeeavokhado kunye nezinye izityalo ezibambayo. URichard Soutthamer, unjingalwazi wezinambuzane, noPaul Rugman-Jones, ingcali esebenza ngezinambuzane, baphanda ngebhayoloji nemizila yemfuza kaqongqothwane.
Amalungu oluntu angaxela ukubonwa kweTea Shot Hole Borer kunye neempawu zeFusarium dieback ngokufowunela (951) 827-3499 okanye nge-imeyile aeskalen@ucr.edu.