ScienceDaily (May 8, 2012) - Katswiri wazachipatala ku yunivesite ya California, Riverside wazindikira bowa yemwe walumikizidwa ndi nthambi yakufa komanso kuchepa kwamitengo ya mapeyala angapo akuseri kwa nyumba ndi malo okhala ku Los Angeles County.
Bowa ndi mtundu watsopano wa Fusarium. Asayansi akuyesetsa kufotokoza chizindikiritso chake. Amafalitsidwa ndi Tea Shot Hole Borer (Euwallacea fornicatus), kachikumbu kakang'ono kamene kali kakang'ono kuposa kambewu ka sesame. Matenda omwe amafalikira amatchedwa "Fusarium dieback".
"Chikumbuchi chapezekanso ku Israel ndipo kuyambira 2009, kuphatikiza kwa kachilomboka ndi bowa kwawononga kwambiri mitengo ya mapeyala kumeneko," atero Akif Eskalen, katswiri wazomera zakumera UC Riverside, yemwe labu yake idazindikira bowa.
Mpaka pano, Tea Shot Hole Borer yadziwika pa mitundu 18 ya zomera padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo mapeyala, tiyi, citrus, magwava, lychee, mango, persimmon, pomegranate, macadamia ndi oak wa silika.
Eskalen anafotokoza kuti kachilomboka ndi bowa zimakhala ndi ubale wa symbiotic.
Iye anati: “Chikumbuchi chikakumba mumtengowo, chimathira tizilombo tomwe timakhala nacho ndi bowa chomwe chimanyamula kukamwa kwake. “Kenako mafangasiwo amawononga mitsempha ya mtengowo, kusokoneza madzi ndi kuyenda kwa michere, ndipo kenaka kumayambitsa kufa kwa nthambi. Mphutsi zachikumbuzi zimakhala m’nyumba zosungiramo mitengo mkati mwa mtengowo ndipo zimadya bowawo.”
Ngakhale kuti kachilomboka kanapezeka koyamba ku Los Angeles County mu 2003, malipoti okhudza thanzi la mtengo sanasamalidwe mpaka February 2012, pamene Eskalen anapeza kachilomboka ndi bowa pamtengo wa avocado womwe umasonyeza zizindikiro za imfa ku South Gate, Los. Angeles County. A Agricultural Commissioner ku Los Angeles County ndi California Food and Drug Administration atsimikizira kuti kachilomboka ndi ndani.
"Uwu ndiye bowa womwewo womwe unayambitsa kufa kwa avocado ku Israel," adatero Eskalen. "California Avocado Commission ikuda nkhawa ndi kuwonongeka kwachuma komwe bowa angachite pamakampani kuno ku California.
“Pakadali pano, tikupempha alimi kuti ayang’anire mitengo yawo ndi kutiuza ngati pali bowa kapena kachilomboka,” anawonjezera motero. "Zizindikiro za mapeyala ndi mawonekedwe a ufa woyera wonyezimira polumikizana ndi bowo limodzi lotuluka lachikumbu pa khungwa la thunthu ndi nthambi zazikulu za mtengo. Exudate iyi imatha kukhala yowuma kapena kuwoneka ngati yonyowa. ”
Gulu la asayansi a UCR lakhazikitsidwa kuti liphunzire Fusarium dieback ku Southern California. Eskalen ndi Alex Gonzalez, katswiri wa zamunda, akuchita kale kafukufuku wofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kukula kwa matenda a mafangasi m'mitengo ya mapeyala ndi zomera zina. Richard Southamer, pulofesa wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi Paul Rugman-Jones, yemwe ndi katswiri wodziwa za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, akuphunzira za biology ndi majini a kachilomboka.
Anthu atha kunena kuti awona Tea Shot Hole Borer ndi zizindikiro za Fusarium dieback poyimba (951) 827-3499 kapena imelo aeskalen@ucr.edu.