Uxhaso lukahulumeni noluzimele

Uxhaso lwemali ye-Urban Forestry evela kwizibonelelo zikahulumeni nezinye izinhlelo

Kunamadola esifunda amaningi atholakalayo manje ukusekela ezinye noma zonke izici zamahlathi asemadolobheni kunangaphambili emlandweni wase-California - okubonisa ukuthi izihlahla zasemadolobheni manje sezibonwa kangcono futhi zihlanganiswe kangcono kumaphrojekthi amaningi omphakathi. Lokhu kuvula iminyango eminingi yamathuba ezingenzi-nzuzo kanye namaqembu omphakathi ukuze bathole izimali ezibalulekile zomphakathi zamahlathi asemadolobheni kanye namaphrojekthi okutshalwa kwezihlahla axhumene nokunciphisa isisi esibamba ukushisa, ukuncishiswa kwemvelo, ukuthutha okusebenzayo, imiphakathi esimeme, ubulungisa bemvelo, nokongiwa kwamandla.
Lapho i-California ReLeaf ifunda ngemijikelezo yezibonelelo zezinhlelo ezingezansi, namanye amathuba, sisabalalisa ulwazi kuhlu lwethu lwe-imeyili. Bhalisa namuhla ukuze uthole izexwayiso zoxhaso ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo!

Izinhlelo Zezibonelelo Zikahulumeni

Uhlelo Lwezindlu Ezithengekayo kanye Nemiphakathi Esimeme (AHSC)

Iphethwe ngu: I-Strategic Growth Council (SGC)

Isiqubulo: I-SGC igunyazwe ukuxhasa ngezimali amaphrojekthi okusetshenziswa komhlaba, ezezindlu, ezokuthutha, nokongiwa komhlaba ukuze kusekelwe ukugcwaliswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuhlangene okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-GHG.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: I-Urban Greening iyisidingo somkhawulo wawo wonke amaphrojekthi axhaswe yi-AHSC. Amaphrojekthi afanelekile wokwenza uhlaza emadolobheni ahlanganisa, kodwa awagcini nje, ukugaywa kabusha kwamanzi emvula, ukugeleza kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlunga okuhlanganisa izingadi zemvula, izitjali zamanzi emvula nezihlungi, ama-swales anemifino, imicengezi ye-bioretention, imisele yokungenela kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezivimbela zasemfuleni, izihlahla zethunzi, izingadi zomphakathi, amapaki kanye nendawo evulekile.

Izicelo ezifanele: Indawo (isb. ama-ejensi wendawo), Umthuthukisi (ibhizinisi elibhekele ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi), Umsebenzisi Wohlelo (umlawuli wephrojekthi yokusebenza kwansuku zonke).

I-Cal-EPA Izibonelelo Zezenzo Zobulungiswa Kwezemvelo

Iphethwe ngu: I-California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA)

Isiqubulo: I-California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) Isibonelelo Sezemvelo Sobulungisa (EJ) ihlelelwe ukuhlinzeka ngemali yesibonelelo kumaphrojekthi anhlobonhlobo ahloselwe ukususa umthwalo wokungcola kulabo abasengozini kakhulu emiphumeleni yako: ukusekela izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini kanye nezakhamuzi ukuthi zihlanganyele ekulungiseleleni izimo eziphuthumayo, ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi, ukwenza ngcono izinqumo zemvelo nesimo sezulu, kanye nemizamo yokuqinisa ethinta imiphakathi yabo. E-California, siyazi ukuthi eminye imiphakathi ibhekana nomthelela ongemuhle ovela ekuguquguqukeni kwesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi imiphakathi ehola kancane kanye neyasemakhaya, imiphakathi yabebala, kanye nezizwe zaseCalifornia zoMdabu waseMelika.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Amaphrojekthi ahlobene namaHlathi Asemadolobheni angafanelana nezinto eziningi ezibalulekile okufanele zibekwe phambili ngezimali, okuhlanganisa ukulungela izimo eziphuthumayo, ukuvikela impilo yomphakathi, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuthathwa kwezinqumo kwezemvelo nesimo sezulu.

Izicelo ezifanele:  Izizwe ezaziwa ngokusemthethweni; 501(c)(3) izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo; nezinhlangano ezithola uxhaso lwezimali ezinhlanganweni ze-501(c)(3).

Izikhathi Zomjikelezo Wohlelo Lokusebenza: Umjikelezo 1 wezicelo zezibonelelo uzovulwa ngo-Agasti 29, 2023, futhi uvalwe ngo-Okthoba 6, 2023. I-CalEPA izobuyekeza izicelo futhi imemezele imiklomelo yoxhaso njalo. I-CalEPA izohlola umugqa wesikhathi wemizuliswano yezicelo ezengeziwe ngo-Okthoba 2023 futhi ilindele ukubuyekeza izicelo kabili ngonyaka wezimali.

I-Cal-EPA Izibonelelo Ezincane Zobulungiswa Bezemvelo

Iphethwe ngu: I-California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA)

Isiqubulo: I-California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) Izibonelelo Ezincane Zezemvelo (EJ) ziyatholakala ukuze zisize amaqembu/izinhlangano zomphakathi ezingenzi nzuzo ezifanelekayo kanye nohulumeni bezizwe abaqashelwa uhulumeni babhekane nezindaba zobulungisa bemvelo ezindaweni ezithinteke ngokungenakulinganiswa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nezingozi.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: I-Cal-EPA yengeze esinye isigaba sephrojekthi esisebenza kakhulu kunethiwekhi yethu: "Ikheli Lokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu Ngezixazululo Eziholwa Umphakathi." Izibonelo zamaphrojekthi zihlanganisa ukonga kwamandla, ukutshala komphakathi, ukongiwa kwamanzi, nokwenyuka kwamabhayisikili/ukuhamba ngezinyawo.

Izicelo ezifanele: Izinkampani ezingenzi nzuzo noma ohulumeni bezizwe abaqashelwa uhulumeni.

Uhlelo Lwezamahlathi Emadolobheni Nomphakathi

Iphethwe ngu: Umnyango Wezamahlathi Nokuvikelwa Komlilo wase-California (CAL FIRE)

Isiqubulo: Izinhlelo eziningi zezibonelelo ezisekelwa uHlelo Lwezamahlathi Emadolobha Nomphakathi luzoxhasa ukutshalwa kwezihlahla, ukusungulwa kwezihlahla, ukuthuthukiswa kwabasebenzi, ukusetshenziswa kwezinkuni zasemadolobheni kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-biomass, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zasemadolobheni ezonakele, kanye nomsebenzi ophambili othuthukisa izinjongo nezinjongo zokweseka amahlathi asemadolobheni anempilo kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Amahlathi asemadolobheni yiwona agxile kakhulu kulolu hlelo.

Izicelo ezifanele: Amadolobha, izifunda, izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, izifunda ezifanelekile

Uhlelo Lwezokuthutha Olusebenzayo (ATP)

Iphethwe ngu: Umnyango Wezokuthutha wase-California (CALTRANS)

Isiqubulo:  I-ATP ihlinzeka ngemali yokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwezindlela zokuhamba ezisebenzayo, njengokuhamba ngebhayisikili nokuhamba ngezinyawo.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Izihlahla nezinye izimila ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zamaphrojekthi ambalwa afanelekile ngaphansi kwe-ATP, okuhlanganisa amapaki, imizila, nemizila ephephile yokuya ezikoleni.

Izicelo ezifanele:  Izikhungo zomphakathi, izikhungo zezokuthutha, izifunda zezikole, ohulumeni bezizwe nezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo. Abangenzi inzuzo bangabenzi bezicelo zokuhola abafanelekile bamapaki nezindlela zokungcebeleka.

Uhlelo Lokuthuthukisa Imvelo kanye Nokunciphisa (EEMP)

Iphethwe ngu: California Natural Resources Agency

Isiqubulo: I-EEMP ikhuthaza amaphrojekthi akhiqiza izinzuzo eziningi ezinciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukunciphisa izingozi ezivela emithelela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, futhi abonise ukusebenzisana nezinhlangano zendawo, zombuso kanye nomphakathi. Amaphrojekthi afanelekayo kufanele ahlobane ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile nomthelela wemvelo wokuguqulwa kwesikhungo sezokuthutha esikhona noma ukwakhiwa kwendawo entsha yezokuthutha.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Enye yamaphoyinti amabili ayinhloko we-EEMP

Izicelo ezifanele: Ama-ejensi kahulumeni wendawo, wesifunda, kanye nenhlangano, nezinhlangano ezingenzi inzuzo

Uhlelo Lwezibonelelo Zokulingana Kwangaphandle

Iphethwe ngu: California Department of Parks and Recreation

Isiqubulo: Uhlelo lwe-Outdoor Equity Grants Programme (OEP) luthuthukisa impilo nokuphila kahle kwabantu base-California ngemisebenzi emisha yezemfundo neyokuzijabulisa, ukufunda ngesevisi, izindlela zemisebenzi, namathuba obuholi aqinisa ukuxhumana nomhlaba wemvelo. Inhloso ye-OEP ukukhulisa ikhono lezakhamuzi emiphakathini enganakiwe ukuze babambe iqhaza kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphandle emphakathini wabo, emapaki kahulumeni, nakwamanye amazwe omphakathi.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Imisebenzi ingabandakanya ukufundisa ababambiqhaza ngendawo yomphakathi (okungabandakanya ihlathi lasemadolobheni/izingadi zomphakathi njll.) kanye nokuthatha uhambo lokufundisa emphakathini ukuze bathole imvelo ngezenzo. Ukwengeza, kukhona uxhaso lokuxhasa abahlali, okuhlanganisa nentsha, ukuthola ama-internship angasetshenziselwa ukuphinda aqashwe esikhathini esizayo noma ukwamukelwa ekolishi lezinsiza zemvelo, ubulungiswa bezemvelo, noma ubungcweti bezokungcebeleka ngaphandle.

Izicelo ezifanele:

  • Zonke Izikhungo Zomphakathi (uhulumeni wendawo, wesifunda, kanye nohulumeni wobumbano, izifunda zezikole nama-ejensi ezemfundo, iziphathimandla zamandla ahlanganyelwe, iziphathimandla zendawo evulekile, izifunda ezivulekile zesifunda, nezinye izikhungo zomphakathi ezifanele)
  • Izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo ezinesimo esingu-501(c)(3).

Uhlelo lwe-Statewide Park (SPP)

Iphethwe ngu: California Department of Parks and Recreation

Isiqubulo: I-SPP ixhasa ngezimali ukudalwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamapaki nezinye izindawo zokungcebeleka zangaphandle emiphakathini enganakekelwa kahle esifundazweni sonke. Amaphrojekthi afanelekayo kufanele akhe ipaki entsha noma andise noma alungise ipaki ekhona emphakathini ongasikekelwe kangako.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Izingadi zomphakathi namasimu yizici zokungcebeleka ezifanele zohlelo futhi amahlathi asemadolobheni angase abe ingxenye yokwakhiwa kwamapaki, ukunwetshwa, nokulungiswa kabusha.

Izicelo ezifanele: Amadolobha, izifunda, izifunda (okuhlanganisa izifunda zezokungcebeleka nezamapaki nezifunda zezinsiza zomphakathi), iziphathimandla zamandla ahlanganyelwe, nezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo

Uhlelo Lwezibonelelo Zokutshala Utshani Emadolobheni

Iphethwe ngu: California Natural Resources Agency

Isiqubulo: Ngokuvumelana ne-AB 32, i-Urban Greening Programme izoxhasa amaphrojekthi anciphisa amagesi abamba ukushisa ngokuthatha ikhabhoni, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokunciphisa amamayela ezimoto ezihanjiwe, kuyilapho futhi kuguqulwa indawo eyakhiwe ibe izindawo ezijabulisa kakhulu, nezisebenza ngempumelelo ekudaleni imiphakathi enempilo nenempilo.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Lolu hlelo olusha luhlanganisa ngokusobala amaphrojekthi okunciphisa ukushisa esiqhingini sasemadolobheni kanye nemizamo yokonga amandla ehlobene nokutshalwa kwezihlahla ezinomthunzi. Iziqondiso ezikhona ezisalungiswa zivuna ukutshalwa kwezihlahla njengendlela eyinhloko yokulinganisa ukwehlisa amagesi abamba ukushisa.

Izicelo ezifanele: Izinhlangano zomphakathi, izinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo, nezifunda ezifanele

Izinhlelo Zezibonelelo ze-ICARP – Uhlelo Lokushisa Okudlulele Nokuqina KomphakathiIhhovisi LikaHulumeni Lokuhlela Nokucwaninga - Ilogo Yesifunda SaseCalifornia

Iphethwe ngu: Ihhovisi likaMbusi Lokuhlela Nokucwaninga

Isiqubulo: Lolu hlelo luxhasa ngemali futhi lusekela imizamo yasendaweni, yesifunda, neyesizwe yokunciphisa imithelela yokushisa okukhulu. Uhlelo Lokushisisa Kakhulu Nokumelana Nomphakathi luqondisa imizamo yombuso yokubhekana nokushisa okudlulele kanye nomthelela wokushisa wasemadolobheni.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Lolu hlelo olusha luxhasa ngezimali ukuhlela nokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi agcina imiphakathi iphephile emithelela yokushisa okukhulu. Ukutshalwa kwezimali emthunzini wemvelo kufakwe ohlwini njengenye yezinhlobo ezifanele zemisebenzi.

Izicelo ezifanele: Abafaka izicelo abafanelekile bahlanganisa Izikhungo Zikahulumeni Zasekhaya Nezifunda; Izizwe zaseCalifornia Native American, izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini; kanye nemifelandawonye, ​​izinhlangano, noma izinhlangano zezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo ezixhaswe yisikhungo esingenzi nzuzo esingu-501(c)(3) noma sezemfundo.

Izinhlelo Zezimali Zombuso

I-USDA Forest Service Izibonelelo Zomthetho Wokwehliswa Kokwehla kwamandla emali eDolobheni kanye Nomphakathi Wamahlathi

Iphethwe ngu: USDA Isevisi YezamahlathiIsithombe selogo yesevisi yase-US Forest

Isiqubulo: I-Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) inikezelwe $ 1.5 billion kuHlelo lwe-UCF lwe-USDA Forest Service ukuze luhlale lutholakala kuze kube uSepthemba 30, 2031, “ukutshala izihlahla nemisebenzi ehlobene nayo,” okubaluleke kakhulu kumaphrojekthi azuzisa abantu abanganakiwe kanye nezindawo [Isigaba Se-IRA 23003(a)(2)].

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: I-Urban Forestry iyinhloko yalolu hlelo.

Izicelo ezifanele:

  • Inhlangano kahulumeni wezwe
  • Inhlangano yohulumeni basekhaya
  • I-ejensi noma ibhizinisi likahulumeni le-District of Columbia
  • Izizwe Eziqashelwa Ngokusemthethweni, Izinkampani/imizana yase-Alaska Native, kanye nezinhlangano zezizwe
  • Izinhlangano ezingenzi-nzuzo
  • Izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme ezilawulwa nguHulumeni kanye nezikahulumeni
  • Izinhlangano ezizinze emphakathini
  • I-ejensi noma ibhizinisi likahulumeni lendawo engajwayelekile
    • Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Federal States of Micronesia, Marshall Islands, Palau, Virgin Islands

Umnqamulajuqu Wesicelo: Juni 1, 2023 11:59 Isikhathi SaseMpumalanga / 8:59 Isikhathi sase-Pacific

Hlala ubukele ukuthola izibonelelo zokudlula ezizotholakala ngalolu hlelo ngo-2024 - kuhlanganisa izabelo zombuso.

Uhlelo Lwezibonelelo Zomphakathi Zokushintsha Umthetho Wokwehliswa Kokwehla kwamandla emali

Iphethwe ngu: I-US Environmental Protection Agency (i-EPA)I-United States Environmental Protection Agency Seal / logo

Isiqubulo: Uhlelo lwezibonelelo lusekela imisebenzi yobulungiswa bezemvelo kanye nesimo sezulu ukuze kuzuze imiphakathi entulayo ngamaphrojekthi anciphisa ukungcoliswa komhlaba, akhulise ukubekezelela isimo sezulu emphakathini, futhi akhe amandla omphakathi ukubhekana nezinselele zobulungiswa bezemvelo kanye nesimo sezulu.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Amahlathi Asemadolobheni kanye nokutshalwa kwezihlahla emadolobheni kungaba yisixazululo sesimo sezulu sokubhekana nezinkinga zempilo yomphakathi ezingeni lomphakathi. Amaphrojekthi we-Urban Tree / ukutshalwa kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kungabhekana nokushisa okudlulele, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa komhlaba, ukumelana nesimo sezulu njll.

Izicelo ezifanele:

  • Ubambiswano phakathi kwezinhlangano ezimbili ezizinze emphakathini ezingenzi inzuzo (CBOs).
  • Ubambiswano phakathi kwe-CBO nokukodwa kwalokhu okulandelayo:
    • Isizwe Esiqashelwa Umbuso
    • uhulumeni wasekhaya
    • isikhungo semfundo ephakeme.

Izicelo kumele zifike ngoNovemba 21, 2024

Ezinye Izinhlelo Zokuxhasa Ngezimali

I-Bank of America Community Resilience Grant

Iphethwe ngu: I-Arbor Day Foundation

Isiqubulo: I-Bank of America's Community Resilience Grant Program inika amandla ukuklama nokusebenzisa amaphrojekthi asebenzisa izihlahla nezinye izingqalasizinda eziluhlaza ukuze akhe ukuqina emiphakathini eneholo eliphansi nelimaphakathi. Omasipala bayafaneleka ukuthola izibonelelo ezingu-$50,000 zokuqinisa izindawo ezisengozini yokubhekana nomthelela wesimo sezulu esishintshayo.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: I-Urban Forestry iyinhloko yalolu hlelo.

Izicelo ezifanele: Ukuze ufaneleke ukuthola lesi sibonelelo, iphrojekthi yakho kufanele yenzeke ngaphakathi kweBhange LaseMelika e-United States, futhi kunikezwe kuqala amaphrojekthi ezindaweni ezisiza kakhulu izakhamuzi ezihola kancane ukuya kwezilingene noma ezenzeka emiphakathini enganakiwe. Uma umfakisicelo oyinhloko kungeyena umasipala, incwadi yokubamba iqhaza kufanele ivele kumasipala esho ukugunyazwa kwabo kwephrojekthi kanye nobunikazi bakho bokwenziwa kwayo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi eside emphakathini.

Uhlelo lwe-California Resilience Challenge Grant

Iphethwe ngu: I-Bay Area Council FoundationI-California Resilience Challenge Logo

Isiqubulo: I-California Resilience Challenge (CRC) Grant Programme iwuhlelo lwezwe lonke lokweseka amaphrojekthi amasha okuhlela ukujwayela isimo sezulu aqinisa ukubekezelela kwendawo emlilweni wequbula, isomiso, izikhukhula, kanye nemicimbi yokushisa okwedlulele emiphakathini engenazo izinsizakusebenza.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Amaphrojekthi afanelekile azoqukatha amaphrojekthi ahloselwe ukuthuthukisa ukubekezelelana kwendawo noma kwesifunda kunselelo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezine ezilandelayo zesimo sezulu, kanye nemithelela yezinga lamanzi nelomoya yalokhu okungenhla:

  • Isomiso
  • Izikhukhula, okuhlanganisa nokukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle
  • Ukushisa okudlulele kanye nemvamisa ekhulayo yezinsuku ezishisayo (amaphrojekthi ahlobene ne-Urban Forestry abhekana nokushisa okukhulu angase afaneleke)
  • Wildfire

Izicelo ezifanele: Izinhlangano okungezona ezikahulumeni ezizinze e-California, okuhlanganisa izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini, ezimelela imiphakathi entula izinsiza zikhuthazwa ukuthi zifake izicelo, njengoba kunjalo nezinhlangano zomphakathi zase-California ezimele imiphakathi engenazo zonke izinsiza ngokubambisana nenhlangano engekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ezinze e-California. I-CRC ihlose “imiphakathi entula izinsizakusebenza” ukufaka nokubeka eqhulwini le miphakathi elandelayo esengozini yokuthinteka ekuguquguqukeni kwesimo sezulu futhi ibhekane nezithiyo ezinkulu zokufinyelela izimali zikahulumeni, kanti futhi ilungisela ukuhlukahluka kwezindleko ezinkulu zokuphila ezweni lonke.

California Environmental Grassroots Fund

Iphethwe ngu: I-Rose Foundation Yemiphakathi kanye Nezemvelo

I-Rose Foundation Yemiphakathi kanye NezemveloIsiqubulo:I-California Environmental Grassroots Fund isekela amaqembu endawo amancane nasafufusa kulo lonke elase-California akha ukusimama kwesimo sezulu futhi athuthukise ubulungiswa bezemvelo. Izibonelelo zeGrassroots Fund zibhekana nezinkinga ezinzima zemvelo ezibhekene nemiphakathi yazo kusukela ekungcolisweni okunobuthi, ukugcwala kwamadolobha, ezolimo ezisimeme, kanye nokumela isimo sezulu, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo emifuleni yethu nezindawo zasendle kanye nempilo yemiphakathi yethu. They bagxile emiphakathini abayisebenzelayo futhi uzibophezele ku-bukusebenzisa ukunyakaza kwemvelo ngobubanzi ukuxhumana, ukusebenzelana, nokuhlela.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Lolu hlelo lusekela impilo yezemvelo nobulungiswa kanye nokumela isimo sezulu kanye nokuqina okungase kuhlanganise umsebenzi ohlobene namahlathi asemadolobheni kanye nemfundo yezemvelo.

Izicelo ezifanele: Inhlangano engenzi nzuzo yaseCalifornia noma iqembu lomphakathi elinemali engenayo yonyaka noma izindleko ezingu-$150,000 noma ngaphansi (ngokuhlukile, bheka isicelo).

Izisekelo Zomphakathi

Iphethwe ngu: Thola Isisekelo Somphakathi Eduze Kwawe

Isiqubulo: Izisekelo Zomphakathi zivame ukuba nezibonelelo zamaqembu omphakathi wendawo.

Ukuxhumana ne-Urban Forestry: Nakuba kungavamile ukugxila e-Urban Forestry, i-Community Foundations ingase ibe namathuba okunikeza ahlobene ne-Urban Forestry - bheka izibonelelo ezihlobene impilo yomphakathi, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, izikhukhula, ukongiwa kwamandla, noma imfundo.

Izicelo ezifanele: Izinhlangano zomphakathi ngokuvamile zixhasa amaqembu endawo endaweni yawo.