Indlela ihlathi lasemadolobheni laseSacramento elihlukanisa ngayo idolobha, empilweni kanye nengcebo
NGU-MICHAEL FINCH II
OCTOBER 10, 2019 05:30 AM,
I-canopy yesihlahla seLand Park iyamangalisa ngezinyathelo eziningi. Njengomqhele, izihlahla zezindiza zaseLondon ngisho nezingodo ezibomvu ngezikhathi ezithile ziphakama ngaphezu kophahla ukuze kuthumbe imigwaqo nezindlu ezinakekelwa kahle phakathi nehlobo elishisayo laseSacramento.
Izihlahla eziningi zingatholakala eLand Park kunanoma iyiphi enye indawo. Futhi inikeza izinzuzo ezibonwa nezingabonakali ngeso lenyama - impilo engcono, eyodwa, kanye nezinga lempilo.
Kodwa awekho amaPaki Omhlaba amaningi eSacramento. Eqinisweni, cishe ishumi nambili izindawo ezingomakhelwane ezinezimbongolo zezihlahla ezisondela eduze komakhelwane oseningizimu yedolobha, ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwedolobha lonke.
Abagxeki bathi umugqa ohlukanisa lezo zindawo uvame ukwehlela engcebweni.
Imiphakathi enenani elingaphezu kwesilinganiso lezihlahla yizindawo ezifana ne-Land Park, i-East Sacramento kanye ne-Pocket futhi inokugxilwa okukhulu kwemizi enemali engenayo ephezulu, idatha ibonisa. Khonamanjalo, izindawo ezinemali ephansi ukuya kwezilingene njenge-Meadowview, i-Del Paso Heights, i-Parkway ne-Valley Hi zinezihlahla ezimbalwa kanye nomthunzi omncane.
Izihlahla zimboza cishe amaphesenti angu-20 wedolobha elingamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-100. E-Land Park, isibonelo, i-canopy ihlanganisa amaphesenti angu-43 - ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwesilinganiso sedolobha lonke. Manje qhathanisa lokho namaphesenti angu-12 okumbozwa kombhede wesihlahla okutholakala e-Meadowview eningizimu ye-Sacramento.
Kwabaningi bamahlathi basemadolobheni nabahleli bedolobha, lokho akukhathazi nje kuphela ngoba izindawo ezingatshaliwe zichayeka kakhulu emazingeni okushisa ashisayo kodwa ngenxa yokuthi imigwaqo enezihlahla ihlotshaniswa nempilo engcono iyonke. Izihlahla eziningi zithuthukisa izinga lomoya, okunomthelela emazingeni aphansi esifuba somoya nokukhuluphala, ucwaningo luye lwathola. Futhi banganciphisa imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu esikhathini esizayo lapho izinsuku zizoshisa futhi zome kakhulu.
Nokho kungenye yokungalingani kukaSacramento okungavamile ukuxoxwa ngakho, abanye bathi. Ukungalingani akukabonakali. Abameli bathi idolobha linethuba lokubhekana neminyaka yokutshala izihlahla ezixegayo uma selamukela uhlelo olukhulu lwamahlathi emadolobheni ngonyaka ozayo.
Kodwa abanye bakhathazekile ukuthi lezi zindawo ezingomakhelwane zizosala ngemuva futhi.
“Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nalokhu kuzimisela ukungaziboni izinto ngoba zenzeka kwenye indawo,” kusho uCindy Blain, umqondisi omkhulu wenhlangano engenzi nzuzo yaseCalifornia ReLeaf, etshala izihlahla kuso sonke isifunda. Uhambele umhlangano womphakathi ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka owawubanjwe yidolobha ukuzodingida ngohlelo olusha oluyinhloko futhi wakhumbula ukuthi lwalungenayo imininingwane mayelana nodaba “lokulingana.”
"Bekungekho okuningi lapho mayelana nempendulo yedolobha," kusho uBlain. "Ubheka lezi zinombolo ezihluke kakhulu - njengomehluko wamaphuzu angama-30 - futhi bekubonakala sengathi akukho umuzwa wokuphuthuma."
UMkhandlu Wedolobha bekulindeleke ukuthi wamukele lolu hlelo entwasahlobo ka-2019, ngokusho kwesizindalwazi sedolobha. Kodwa izikhulu zithe ngeke ziphothulwe kuze kube sekuqaleni konyaka ozayo. Khonamanjalo, idolobha lithe lithuthukisa imigomo ye-canopy ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba endaweni ngayinye.
Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kukhula ngokuwohloka kwezinto ezibalulekile emadolobheni, amanye amadolobha amakhulu ezweni lonke aphendukele ezihlahleni njengesixazululo.
E-Dallas, izikhulu zisanda kubhala okokuqala ngqa izindawo ezishisa kakhulu kunezindawo ezizizungezile zasemaphandleni nokuthi izihlahla zingasiza kanjani ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, iMeya yase-Los Angeles u-Eric Garcetti wafunga ukuthi uzotshala izihlahla ezingaba ngu-90,000 kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo. Uhlelo lwemeya lubandakanya isibophezelo sokuphinda kabili i-canopy ezindaweni “ezineholo eliphansi, ezithinteke kakhulu ekushiseni”.
U-Kevin Hocker, isazi samahlathi edolobha, uvumile ukuthi kunomehluko. Uthe abameli bezihlahla bedolobha nabendawo bangase bahlukane ngokuthi ngamunye uzokulungisa kanjani. UHocker ukholelwa ukuthi bangasebenzisa izinhlelo ezikhona kodwa abameli bafuna isenzo esiqinile. Nokho, umqondo owodwa wabiwa phakathi kwamakamu amabili: Izihlahla ziyisidingo kodwa zidinga imali nokuzinikela ukuze ziqhubeke ziphila.
UHocker uthe akaboni sengathi udaba lokwehlukana “luchazwe kahle.”
“Wonke umuntu uyavuma ukuthi kunokungalingani kwabantu edolobheni. Angicabangi ukuthi kukhona osekuchaze ngokucacile ukuthi kungani kunjalo nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezingenziwa ukulungisa lokho,” kusho uHocker. “Siyazi ngokujwayelekile ukuthi singatshala izihlahla eziningi kodwa kwezinye izindawo zedolobha - ngenxa yokwakheka kwazo noma indlela ezihlelwe ngayo - amathuba okutshala awekho."
'UNAKHO FUTHI AKUNAZO'
Iningi lezindawo ezindala kakhulu zaseSacramento zakhiwe ngaphandle nje kwedolobha. Iminyaka eyishumi ngayinye ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II yaletha igagasi elisha lentuthuko kuze kube yilapho idolobha ligcwele ukuhlukana okusha njengoba inani labantu landa.
Okwesikhashana, izindawo eziningi ezakhayo zazintula izihlahla. Kwaze kwaba ngo-1960 lapho idolobha laphasisa umthetho wokuqala owawudinga ukutshalwa kwezihlahla ezigabeni ezintsha. Khona-ke amadolobha acindezelwa ngokwezimali yi-Proposition 13, isinyathelo esigunyazwe abavoti sango-1979 esasinciphisa amadola entela yendawo ayesetshenziselwa izinsiza zikahulumeni.
Ngokushesha, idolobha lahoxa ekuhlinzekeni izihlahla emagcekeni angaphambili futhi umthwalo washintshela kumakhelwane ngamunye ukuze unakekele. Ngakho lapho izihlahla zifa, njengoba zivame ukufa, ngenxa yezifo, izinambuzane noma ukuguga, bambalwa abantu ababengase bakuqaphele noma babe nezindlela zokukushintsha.
Iphethini efanayo isaqhubeka nanamuhla.
“ISacramento iyidolobha labacebile nabangenakho,” kusho uKate Riley, ohlala endaweni yaseRiver Park. “Uma ubheka amabalazwe, singabanye babantu abanayo. Siwumakhelwane onezihlahla.”
Izihlahla zimboza cishe amaphesenti angama-36 e-River Park futhi iningi lemali engenayo yasekhaya iphakeme kune-median yesifunda. Yaqala ukwakhiwa cishe emashumini ayisikhombisa eminyaka edlule eduze nomfula waseMelika.
U-Riley uyavuma ukuthi abanye bebenganakekelwa kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi kanti abanye bashona ngenxa yokuguga, yingakho avolontiya ukutshala izihlahla ezingaphezu kwe-100 kusukela ngo-2014. Ukugcinwa kwezihlahla kungaba umsebenzi onzima futhi obizayo "izindawo abangenazo" ukuthi bazenze zodwa, esho.
“Izinkinga eziningi zesistimu zandisa le nkinga ngokungalingani kwekhava yesihlahla,” kusho u-Riley, osekomitini lokweluleka ngohlelo lwehlathi elikhulu ledolobha. "Kungesinye isibonelo sokuthi idolobha lidinga ngempela ukukhulisa umdlalo walo futhi lenze leli dolobha elinamathuba afanelekile kuwo wonke umuntu."
Ukuze uqonde kangcono udaba, Inyosi idale isethi yedatha evela ekuhlolweni kwakamuva kwezilinganiso ze-canopy yezinga lomakhelwane futhi yayihlanganisa nedatha yezibalo zabantu evela e-US Census Bureau. Siphinde saqoqa idatha yomphakathi ngenombolo yezihlahla ezinakekelwa idolobha futhi sayifaka imephu endaweni ngayinye.
Kwezinye izimo, umehluko ucacile phakathi kwendawo efana ne-River Park ne-Del Paso Heights, umphakathi osenyakatho ye-Sacramento emngceleni we-Interstate 80. I-canopy yesihlahla izungeze amaphesenti angu-16 futhi iningi lemali engenayo yomndeni iwela ngaphansi kwe-$ 75,000.
Kungesinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi u-Fatima Malik atshale amakhulu ezihlahla emapaki aseduze naseDel Paso Heights. Akuphelanga sikhathi esingakanani ejoyine ikhomishana yedolobha lamapaki nokucebisa umphakathi, uMalik ukhumbule ukugxekwa emhlanganweni womphakathi ngesimo sezihlahla zepaki.
Izihlahla zazifa kubonakala lingekho icebo lokuthi idolobha lithathe indawo yazo. Izakhamizi bezifuna ukwazi ukuthi uzokwenzani ngalokho. Njengoba uMalik esho, uphonsele inselelo igumbi ngokubuza ukuthi “sizokwenzani” mayelana nepaki.
I-Del Paso Heights Growers 'Alliance idalwe kulowo mhlangano. Ekupheleni konyaka, le nhlangano izoqeda umsebenzi wesibonelelo sayo sesibili sokutshala izihlahla ezingaphezu kuka-300 emapaki edolobha amahlanu kanye nasengadini yomphakathi.
Noma kunjalo, uMalik uyavuma ukuthi amaphrojekthi amapaki abe “yimpumelelo elula” njengoba izihlahla zasemgwaqweni ziyinzuzo enkulu emiphakathini. Ukutshala lokho “kuwumdlalo webhola wonke” ongadinga okokufaka kanye nezinsiza ezengeziwe ezivela edolobheni, kusho yena.
Ukuthi umakhelwane uzothola yini umbuzo ovulekile.
"Kusobala ukuthi siyazi ukuthi ngokomlando i-District 2 ayizange itshalwe noma ibekwe eqhulwini njengoba kufanele," kusho uMalik. “Asikhombi muntu ngeminwe futhi asisoli muntu kodwa uma sibheka amaqiniso esibhekene nawo sifuna ukubambisana nedolobha ukuze sibasize benze umsebenzi wabo kangcono.”
IZIHLAHLA: OKUSHA KWEMPILO
Kungase kube nokuningi okusengozini emiphakathini engenamithi kunokukhathala okuncane kokushisa. Ubufakazi sebulokhu bukhuphuka iminyaka mayelana nezinzuzo eziyisisekelo ezinikezwa yi-canopy empilweni yomuntu ngamunye.
URay Tretheway, umqondisi omkhulu weSacramento Tree Foundation, waqala ukuzwa lo mbono engqungqutheleni lapho isikhulumi simemezela: ikusasa lamahlathi asemadolobheni impilo yomphakathi.
Inkulumo yatshala imbewu futhi eminyakeni embalwa edlule i-Tree Foundation yasiza ngezimali ucwaningo lweSifunda Sacramento. Ngokungafani nocwaningo lwangaphambilini, olwahlola indawo eluhlaza, okuhlanganisa namapaki, lugxile kuphela emhumeni wezihlahla nokuthi ngabe lunawo yini umthelela emiphumeleni yezempilo yasendaweni.
Bathole ukuthi ikhava eningi yezihlahla yayihlotshaniswa nempilo engcono iyonke futhi yaba nomthelela ezingeni eliphansi, umfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela kanye nesifuba somoya, ngokocwaningo lwango-2016 olwanyatheliswa kumagazini i-Health & Place.
"Kwakuvula amehlo," kusho uTretheway. "Sicabange kabusha ngokujulile futhi salungisa kabusha izinhlelo zethu ukuze silandele lolu lwazi olusha."
Isifundo sokuqala esisitholile bekuwukubeka phambili izindawo ezisengozini enkulu, esho. Isikhathi esiningi badonsa kanzima ngenxa yezindawo eziwugwadule zokudla, ukuswelakala kwemisebenzi, izikole ezingasebenzi kahle kanye nezinto zokuhamba ezinganele.
"Ukungafani kucace kakhulu lapha eSacramento nasezweni lonke," kusho uTretheway.
"Uma uhlala endaweni ehola kancane noma engenazo izinsizakusebenza, uqinisekiswa kakhulu ukuthi ngeke ube nenani lesihlahla esizokwenza umehluko omkhulu kukhwalithi yempilo noma impilo yendawo yangakini."
I-Tretheway ilinganisela ukuthi okungenani izihlahla zasemgwaqweni ezingu-200,000 kudingeka zitshalwe eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo ukuze kufinyelelwe inani elilinganayo lezihlahla ezindaweni ezifiseleka kakhulu. Izingibe zalo mzamo ziningi.
I-Tree Foundation iyakwazi lokhu kuqala. Ngobambiswano ne-SMUD, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo inikela ngezinkulungwane zezihlahla minyaka yonke mahhala. Kodwa amahlumela adinga ukunakekelwa eduze - ikakhulukazi phakathi neminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu yokuqala emhlabathini.
Ezinsukwini zayo zakuqala ngeminyaka yawo-1980s, amavolontiya aphuma eceleni kwengxenye yezohwebo yaseFranklin Boulevard ukuze abeke izihlahla emhlabathini, esho. Zazingekho izicucu zokutshala ngakho babesika izimbobo kusimende.
Ngaphandle kwezisebenzi ezanele, ukulandelela kubambezelekile. Izihlahla zafa. UTretheway wafunda isifundo: “Iyindawo esengozini kakhulu futhi esengozini enkulu yokutshala izihlahla emigwaqweni yezentengiselwano.”
Ubufakazi obengeziwe bafika kamuva. Umfundi oneziqu zase-UC Berkeley wafunda uhlelo lwayo lwesihlahla somthunzi nge-SMUD futhi washicilela imiphumela ngo-2014. Abacwaningi balandelela izihlahla ezisabalalisiwe ezingaphezu kuka-400 eminyakeni emihlanu ukuze babone ukuthi zingaki ezizosinda.
Izihlahla ezincane ezenze kahle kakhulu bezisezindaweni ezinobunikazi bezindlu obuzinzile. Kwafa izihlahla ezingaphezu kwekhulu; Ama-100 awazange atshalwe. UTretheway wafunda esinye isifundo: “Sibeke izihlahla eziningi laphaya kodwa azisindi ngaso sonke isikhathi.”
UKUSHINTSHA KWESIMO SEZULU KANYE NEZIHLAHLA
Kwabanye abahleli basemadolobheni kanye nabatshali bezihlahla, umsebenzi wokutshala izihlahla zasemgwaqweni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinganakiwe, ubaluleke kakhulu njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni kuguqula imvelo.
Izihlahla zisiza ukulwa nezingozi ezingabonakali empilweni yabantu njenge-ozone nokungcoliswa kwezinhlayiyana. Bangasiza ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa emgwaqeni eduze kwezikole nasezitobhini zamabhasi lapho abanye abasengozini enkulu njengezingane kanye nabantu abadala bevama kakhulu.
"Izihlahla zizobamba iqhaza elikhulu ekubambeni i-carbon kanye nokunciphisa umphumela wesiqhingi sokushisa sasemadolobheni," kusho u-Stacy Springer, isikhulu esiphezulu se-Breathe California esifundeni sase-Sacramento. "Kusebenza njengesixazululo esingabizi kakhulu - esinye seziningi - kwezinye zezinkinga esibhekene nazo emiphakathini yethu."
Isibalo sezinsuku zokushisa okwedlulele e-Sacramento singase siphindaphindeke kathathu emashumini amathathu eminyaka ezayo, sikhulise isibalo esingaba khona sabantu ababulawa izifo ezihlobene nokushisa, ngokusho kombiko we-Natural Resources Defense Council.
Izihlahla zinganciphisa umphumela wokushisa okushisa kodwa kuphela uma zitshalwe ngokulinganayo.
“Ngisho noma ushayela wehla ngomgwaqo ungabona ukuthi isikhathi esiningi uma kuyindawo empofu ngeke ibe nezihlahla eziningi,” kusho uBlain, umqondisi omkhulu weCalifornia ReLeaf.
“Uma ubheka ezweni lonke, lokhu kunjalo kakhulu. Njengamanje, iCalifornia njengezwe yazi kakhulu ukuthi kube nokungalingani emphakathini. "
UBlain uthe umbuso uhlinzeka ngezibonelelo eziqondiswe emiphakathini ehola kancane ngohlelo lwayo lwe-cap kanye nohwebo, olutholwe yiCalifornia ReLeaf.
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