Ua hoʻokuʻu ka United Nations (UN) i kahi hōʻike e hōʻike ana e hiki ke hoʻomau i ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe.
ʻO ka hōʻike 'City-Level Decoup-ling: Urban Resource Flows and the Governance of Infrastructure Transitions' he kanakolu mau hihia e hōʻike ana i nā pono o ka hele ʻana i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ka hōʻike i ka makahiki 2011 e ka International Resource Panel (IRP), i mālama ʻia e ka UN Environment Program (UNEP).
Hōʻike nā ʻike i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā ʻenehana hoʻomau a me nā ʻenehana pono waiwai i nā kūlanakauhale e hāʻawi i kahi manawa e hoʻopuka ai i ka ulu waiwai, me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pōʻino o ke kaiapuni, hōʻemi i ka ʻilihune, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka greenhouse-gas a me ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi.