ʻDleloʻAmelika (Mei 8, 2012) - Ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea kanu maʻi maʻi ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, Riverside i kahi haʻo i hoʻopili ʻia i ka make ʻana o ka lālā a me ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā avocado a me nā kumu lāʻau ʻāina ma nā wahi noho o Los Angeles County.
He ʻano hou o Fusarium ka haʻuki. Ke hana nei nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke ʻano o kona ʻike kikoʻī. Hoʻouna ʻia ia e ka Tea Shot Hole Borer (Euwallacea fornicatus), he pīkoi ambrosia exotic ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hua sesame. ʻO ka maʻi i hoʻolaha ʻia i kapa ʻia ʻo "Fusarium dieback."
"Ua loaʻa pū kēia pipi i loko o ka ʻIseraʻela a mai ka makahiki 2009, ua hoʻopōʻino nui ʻia nā lāʻau avocado ma laila," wahi a Akif Eskalen, ka mea hoʻomohala lāʻau pathologist ʻo UC Riverside, nona ka lab i ʻike i ka haʻo.
I kēia lā, ua hōʻike ʻia ka Tea Shot Hole Borer ma 18 mau ʻano mea kanu like ʻole ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me ka avocado, ti, citrus, guava, lychee, mango, persimmon, pomegranate, macadamia a me ka ʻoka silika.
Ua wehewehe ʻo Eskalen i ka pili ʻana o ka pipi a me ka haʻakai.
"I ka wā e ʻeli ai ka pīkī i loko o ka lāʻau, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo ia i ka mea kanu hoʻokipa me ka haʻo i lawe ʻia ma nā ʻāpana waha," wahi āna. “A laila, hoʻouka ka haʻuki i ka ʻiʻo vascular o ka lāʻau, hoʻopilikia i ka wai a me ke kahe ʻana o nā meaʻai, a ma hope o ka make ʻana o nā lālā. Noho nā ʻōniu pīkī ma nā hale kiʻi i loko o ka lāʻau a ʻai i ka haʻakai.
ʻOiai ua ʻike mua ʻia ka pīkī ma Los Angeles County i ka makahiki 2003, ʻaʻole i nānā ʻia nā hōʻike e pili ana i kona hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke olakino lāʻau a hiki i Pepeluali 2012, i ka wā i ʻike ai ʻo Eskalen i ka pipi a me ka haʻiki ma kahi lāʻau avocado ma hope e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona dieback ma South Gate, Los. Kalana ʻo Angeles. Ua hōʻoia ke Komisina Mahiʻai o Los Angeles County a me ka California Food and Drug Administration i ka ʻike o ka pipi.
"ʻO kēia ka haʻuki like loa i make ai ka avocado i ka ʻIseraʻela," wahi a Eskalen. "Ke hopohopo nei ke Komisina Avocado Kaleponi e pili ana i ka pōʻino o ka hoʻokele waiwai e hiki ke hana ʻia e kēia fungus i ka ʻoihana ma Kaleponi.
"I kēia manawa, ke noi nei mākou i nā māla e nānā pono i kā lākou mau kumulāʻau a hōʻike mai iā mākou i nā hōʻailona o ka haʻiki a i ʻole ka pipi," wahi āna. "ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka avocado ka ʻike ʻana o ka pauka keʻokeʻo exudate i hui pū me kahi lua puka puka hoʻokahi ma ka ʻili o ke kumu a me nā lālā nui o ka lāʻau. Hiki ke maloʻo kēia exudate a i ʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia he ʻano ʻulaʻula.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hui o nā ʻepekema UCR e aʻo i ka Fusarium dieback ma Kaleponi Hema. Ke hana nei ʻo Eskalen lāua ʻo Alex Gonzalez, he kauka lapaʻau, i kahi noiʻi e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka pipi a me ka nui o ka maʻi haʻi i nā lāʻau avocado a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Ke aʻo nei ʻo Richard Stouthamer, he polopeka o ka entomology, a me Paul Rugman-Jones, he loea pili i ka entomology, i ka biology a me genetics o ka pipi.
Hiki i nā lālā o ka lehulehu ke hōʻike i ka ʻike ʻana i ka Tea Shot Hole Borer a me nā hōʻailona o Fusarium dieback ma ke kelepona ʻana (951) 827-3499 a i ʻole ka leka uila aeskalen@ucr.edu.