Hukumar lafiya ta duniya WHO ta fitar da wani rahoto a makon da ya gabata inda ta bayyana cewa sama da mutane miliyan 1 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon kamuwa da cutar huhu da asma da sankarar huhu da sauran cututtuka na numfashi a duk duniya a duk shekara idan kasashe suka dauki matakan inganta iska. Wannan shi ne babban bincike na farko a duniya game da gurbacewar iska daga sassan duniya.
Yayin da gurɓacewar iska ta Amurka ba ta kwatanta da wadda ake samu a irin waɗannan ƙasashe irin su Iran, Indiya, da Pakistan ba, babu kaɗan da za a yi biki idan aka kalli kididdigar California.
Binciken ya dogara ne da bayanan da aka ruwaito a cikin shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, kuma yana auna matakan barbashin iska kasa da micrometers 10 - wanda ake kira PM10s - na kusan garuruwa 1,100. WHO ta kuma fitar da guntun tebur wanda ke kwatanta matakan ko da ƙura mai ƙura, wanda aka sani da PM2.5s.
WHO ta ba da shawarar iyakar 20 microgram a kowace cubic mita don PM10s (wanda aka kwatanta da "ma'anar shekara" a cikin rahoton na WHO), wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin numfashi a cikin mutane. Fiye da micrograms 10 a kowace mita cubic na PM2.5s ana ɗaukar cutarwa ga mutane.
Babban jerin mafi munin birane a cikin al'umma don ƙara bayyanar da nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta shine Bakersfield, wanda ke karɓar ma'anar 38ug/m3 na shekara-shekara na PM10s, da 22.5ug/m3 na PM2.5s. Fresno ba shi da nisa a baya, yana ɗaukar matsayi na 2 a duk faɗin ƙasar, tare da Riverside/San Bernardino da'awar tabo na 3 a jerin Amurka. Gabaɗaya, biranen California sun yi iƙirarin 11 daga cikin manyan 20 mafi munin masu laifi a cikin duka nau'ikan biyu, waɗanda duk sun wuce matakin aminci na WHO.
Dr. Maria Neira, darektan sashen kula da lafiyar jama'a da muhalli na WHO, ta ce "Za mu iya hana waɗannan mutuwar," in ji Dokta Maria Neira, darakta na sashen kula da lafiyar jama'a da muhalli na WHO, wanda ya lura da zuba jari don ƙananan matakan gurɓata da sauri yana biya saboda ƙananan cututtuka kuma, saboda haka, ƙananan farashin kiwon lafiya.
Shekaru da yawa, masu bincike a duk duniya suna danganta matakan rage ɓangarorin kwayoyin halitta zuwa dazuzzukan birane masu lafiya. Nazarin da Hukumar Binciken Muhalli ta Halitta ta gudanar a shekara ta 2007 ya nuna cewa za a iya cimma ragi na PM10 na 7% -20% idan an dasa itatuwa masu yawa, ya danganta da samun wuraren dashen da suka dace. A {asar Amirka, Cibiyar Nazarin Gandun Dajin Birane ta buga takarda a shekara ta 2006, wadda ta lura cewa itatuwan Sacramento miliyan shida suna tace 748 na PM10 a kowace shekara.